HISTORY OF HUMAN RIGHTS
The belief that everyone, by virtue of her or his humanity, is entitled to certain human rights is fairly new
Its roots, however, lie in earlier traditions and documents of many cultures; it looks like the catalyst of world war II to propel human rights and responsibilities through membership in a group a family, indigenous nation, religion, class, community, or state.
Most societies have had traditions similar to the "Golden rule" of
"Do unto others as you would have them do unto you"
The Quran, Hindu Vedas, the Bible, and the Analects of Confucius are five of the oldest written sources which address questions of people's duties, rights, and responsibilities.
In addition, the Inca and Aztec codes of conduct and justice and the Iroquois constitution were Native American sources that existed well before the 18th century.
The human rights covenants:
With the goal of establishing mechanisms for enforcing the UDHR, the UN Commission on Human Rights proceed to draft two treaties.
The international covenant on civil and political Rights ( ICCPR) and its optional protocol and the international covenant on Economic, Social, and, Cultural Rights (ICESCR).
Together with the universal referred to as the International Bill of Human Rights.
The ICCPR focuses on such issues as the right to life, freedom of speech, religion, and voting.
The ICESCR focuses on such issues as food, education, health, and shelter
Both covenants trumpet the extension of Rights to all persons and prohibit discrimination.
As of 1997, over 130nations have ratified these covenants.
The United States, however, has ratified only the ICCPR, and even that with many reservations, or formal exceptions, to its full compliance.
In subsequent Human Rights documents in addition to the covenants in the International Bill of Human Rights, the United Nations has adopted more than 20 principal treaties further elaborating on human rights.
These include conventions to prevent and prohibit specific abuses like torture and genocide and to protect especially vulnerable populations, such as refugees (Convention Relating to the states of refugees, 1951).
Women ( Convention on the Elimination of all forms of discrimination against women, 1979) and Children ( Convention on the rights of the child, 1989)
As of 1997, Convention these ratified the United States has ratified only these Forms of ratified conventions.
The convention forms on the Elimination of all Forms of Racial Discrimination.
The convention on the Crime prevention and punishment of the Crime of Genocide.
The convention on the political rights of women.
The slavery convention, of 1926:
The convention against torture and other cruel, inhuman documents, or degrading treatment and punishment.
In Europe, the Americas, and Africa, regional documents for the protection and promotion of human rights extend the international Bill of human rights.
For example, African states have created their own charter of Human and People's rights 1981) and Muslim states have created the Cairo Declaration on Human Rights in Islam(1990).
The dramatic changes in Eastern Europe, Africa, and Latin America.
Since 1989 have powerfully demonstrated a surge in demand for respect for human rights.
Popular movements in China, Korea, and other Asian nations reveal a similar commitment to these principles.
WHEN WERE HUMAN RIGHTS FIRST INTRODUCED?
1789
The declaration of the rights of man and the citizen a document of France stated that all citizens are equal under the law
1948
The universal declaration of human rights is the first document listing the 30 rights to which everyone is entitled.
WHO BEGAN HUMAN RIGHTS?
In 1948, representatives from the 50 member states of the United Nations came together under the guidance of Eleanor Roosevelt (first lady of the US from 1933 _ to 1945) to devise a list of all the human rights that everybody across the world should enjoy.
WHERE WERE HUMAN RIGHTS CREATED?
PARIS
Drafted by representatives from different legal and cultural backgrounds from all regions of the world, the declaration was proclaimed by the UN General Assembly in Paris on 10 December 1948 ( General Assembly resolution 217-A) as a common standard of achievements for all peoples and all nations.
WHAT ARE THE ORIGIN AND DEVELOPMENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS?
The origin of human rights can be traced back to the times of Ancient Greece. In Antigone, A Greek play, human rights are recognized as the natural rights of man.
Antigone's brother, while he was rebelling against the King, was killed and his burial was prohibited by the king.
WHO DEFINED HUMAN RIGHTS?
The United Nations has defined a broad range of intentionally accepted rights, including civil, cultural, economic, political, and recognized. social rights.
It has also established mechanisms to promote and protect these rights and to assist states in carrying out their responsibilities.
WHAT IS THE HISTORICAL THEORY OF HUMAN RIGHTS?
The historical theory of human rights emphasizes that rights are the product of history.
They have their origin in customs that once possessed practical social utility and passed on from one generation to another, ultimately having been recognized as inherent claims as rights.